Environmental variables influencing the expression of morphological characteristics in clones of the forage cactus

Resumen

The environmental factors that affect the morphological characteristics of different genera of cacti are little
known. The aim of this study therefore was to analyse the contribution of environmental variables to growth in cladodes and
plant of forage cactus clones of the genera Nopalea and Opuntia. The data used in this study were obtained from an experiment
conducted in Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil, between 2012 and 2013, where the clones ‘IPA Sertânia’ (Nopalea), ‘Miúda’
(Nopalea) and ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ (Opuntia) were submitted to different irrigation depths (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mm) and
fixed irrigation intervals (7, 14 and 28 days). Morphological characteristics of the cladodes and plants and weather variables
were obtained over time. Pearson’s correlation, followed by multicollinearity, canonical and path analysis were applied. The
minimum temperature, maximum and minimum relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation were the variables that
most affected growth in the cactus. The genus Opuntia showed less sensitivity to variations in air temperature compared to
the genus Nopalea. The higher intensities of global solar radiation affected clones of the genus Nopalea more than the genus
Opuntia. It can be concluded that there are different environmental requirements between forage cacti of the genera Nopalea
and Opuntia.