Incubación social: Beneficios estratégicos para las empresas sociales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19094/contextus.2020.44467Palabras clave:
emprendimiento social, incubadora social, estrategia, innovación social, aceleradoraResumen
Este artículo tuvo como objetivo identificar cuáles son los beneficios estratégicos que ofrece el proceso de incubación social para las empresas sociales. Se realizó un estudio de caso con una incubadora social brasileña. Las unidades de análisis fueron constituidas por empresas sociales que participaron en el programa de incubación. Se identificaron ocho beneficios estratégicos, tres de los cuales no están en la literatura analizada, siendo una novedad deste artículo. Al comprender estos beneficios, los emprendedores sociales pueden tomar mejores decisiones sobre adentrarse en una incubación social. Además, los gerentes de incubadoras sociales pueden comprender las limitaciones de la incubación social destacadas aquí para mejorar los programas. Así, este artículo avanza el conocimiento en el campo del emprendimiento social.
Citas
Aernoudt, R. (2004). Incubators: Tool for entrepreneurship? Small Business Economics, 23, 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SBEJ.0000027665.54173.23
Aguinis, H., Villamor, I, Lazzarini, S. G., Vassolo, R. S., Amorós, J. E., & Allen, D. G. Conducting management research in Latin America: Why and what’s in it for you? Journal of Management, 46(5), 615-636. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320901581
ANPROTEC. (2019). Mapeamento dos mecanismos de geração de empreendimentos inovadores no Brasil. ANPROTEC, Brasília, Brazil, 1-63. http://informativo.anprotec.org.br/mapeamento-dos-mecanismos-de-geracao-de-empreendimentos-inovadores
Austin, J., Stevenson, H., & Wei-Skillern, J. (2006). Social and commercial entrepreneurship: Same, different, or both? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00107.x
Barbero, J. L., Casillas, J. C., Wright, M., & Garcia, A. R. (2014). Do different types of incubators produce different types of innovations? The Journal of Technology Transfer, 39, 151-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-013-9308-9
Bardin, L. (2016). Análise de conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Barney, J. B. (2001). Is the Resource-Based “View” a useful perspective for Strategic Management research? Yes. Academy of Management Review, 26(1), 41-56. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2001.4011938
Barney, J. B. (2002). Strategic management: From informed conversation to academic discipline. Academy of Management Perspectives, 16(2), 53-57. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2002.7173521
Barney, J. B., & Hesterly, W. S. (2009). Strategic management and competitive advantage. Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Battilana, J., Sengul, M., Pache, A.-C., & Model, J. (2014). Harnessing Productive Tensions in Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Work Integration Social Enterprises. Academy of Management Journal, 58(6), 1658-1685. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0903
Bouncken, B., Laudien, M., Fredrich, V., & Görmar, L. (2018). Coopetition in coworking–spaces: value creation and appropriation tensions in an entrepreneurial space. Review of Managerial Science, 12(2), 385-410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-017-0267-7
Bowman, E. H., Singh, H., & Thomas, H. (2002). The Domain of Strategic Management: History and Evolution. In A. Pettigrew, H. Thomas & R. Whittington (Eds.). Handbook of Strategy and Management (3rd ed., pp. 31–52). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848608313.n2
Belz, F. M., & Binder, J. K. (2017). Sustainable entrepreneurship: A convergent process model. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1887
Bengtsson, M., & Kock, S. (2014). Coopetition - Quo vadis? Past accomplishments and future challenges. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2), 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.02.015
Bozhikin, I., Macke, J., & da Costa, F. L. (2019). The role of government and key non-state actors in social entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 730-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.076
Blackburne, G. D., & Buckley, P. J. (2019). The international business incubator as a foreign market entry mode. Long Range Planning, 52(1), 32-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2017.10.005
Bruneel, J., Ratinho, T., Clarysse, B., & Groen, A. (2012). The evolution of business incubators: Comparing demand and supply of business incubation services across different incubator generations. Technovation, 32, 110-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2011.11.003
Bruning, C., Godri, L., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2018). Triangulation in case studies: Incidence, appropriations and misunderstandings in management studies. Administração: Ensino e Pesquisa, 19(2), 277-307. https://doi.org/10.13058/raep.2018.v19n2.889
Casasnovas, G., & Bruno, A. V. (2013). Scaling social ventures: An exploratory study of social incubators and accelerators. Journal of Management for Global Sustainability, 1(2), 173-197.
CB Insights. (2018). The Top 20 Reasons Startups Fail. https://www.cbinsights.com/research/startup-failure-reasons-top/
Dacin, M. T., Dacin, P. A., & Tracey, P. (2011). Social entrepreneurship: A critique and future directions. Organization Science, 22(5), 1203-1213. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0620
Dee, N. J., Livesey, F., Gill, D., & Minshall, T. (2011). Incubation for growth: A review of the impact of business incubation on new ventures with high growth potential. NESTA. https://media.nesta.org.uk/documents/incubation_for_growth_CqYbxVG.pdf
Dullius, A. C., & Schaeffer, P. R. (2016). Innovation capabilities in startups: Contributions towards growth. Revista Alcance, 3(1), 34-50. https://doi.org/10.14210/alcance.v23n1.p034-050
El Ebrashi, R. (2018). Typology of growth strategies and the role of social venture’s intangible resources. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 25(5), 818-848. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-03-2017-0104
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, M. E. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 25-32.
Fischer, R. M., & Comini, G. (2012). Sustainable development: from responsibility to entrepreneurship. Revista de Administração, 47(3), 363-369. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0080-21072012000300002
Franco, M. J. B. (2007). Tipologia de processos de cooperação empresarial: Uma investigaçăo empírica sobre o caso Português. RAC – Revista de Administração Contemporânea, 11(3), 149-176. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-65552007000300008
Garidis, K., & Rossmann, A. (2019). A framework for cooperation behavior of start-ups: Developing a multi-item scale and its performance impacts. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(6/7), 877-890. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-04-2019-0125
Genú, J. M. (2018). É difícil ser uma startup social? A visão dos empreendedores sociais. Dissertação (Mestrado em Administração) – Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/29978
Ghalwash, S., Tolba, A., & Ismail, A. (2017). What motivates social entrepreneurs to start social ventures? An exploratory study in the context of a developing economy. Social Enterprise Journal, 13(3), 268-298. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEJ-05-2016-0014
Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. (2013). Seeking qualitative rigor in inductive research: Notes on the Gioia methodology. Organizational research methods, 16(1), 15-31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428112452151
Goyal, S., Sergi, B. S., & Jaiswal, M. P. (2016). Understanding the challenges and strategic actions of social entrepreneurship at base of the pyramid. Management Decision, 54(2), 418–440. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2014-0662
Gras, D., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2012). Strategic foci in social and commercial entrepreneurship: A comparative analysis. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 3(1), 6-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2012.740207
Grimaldi, R., & Grandi, A. (2005). Business incubators and new venture creation: an assessment of incubating models. Technovation, 25(2), 111-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4972(03)00076-2
Guimarães, G. T. D., Maciel, C., & Eidelwein, K. (2007). Transformações no mundo do trabalho, economia solidária e sua relação com incubadoras sociais. Textos e Contextos, 6(1), 10-33.
Hackett, S., & Dilts, D. (2004). A systematic review of business incubation research. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 29(1), 55-82. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOTT.0000011181.11952.0f
Hlady-Rispal, M., & Servantie, V. (2018). Deconstructing the way in which value is created in the context of social entrepreneurship. International Journal of Management Reviews, 20(1), 62-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12113
Hmayed, A., Menhall, N., & Lanteri, A. (2015). Social incubation and the value proposition of social business incubators: The case of Nabad. In D. Jamali & A. Lanteri (Eds). Social entrepreneurship in the Middle East. (pp. 152-172). London: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137509956_8
Hunter, L., & Lean, J. (2018). Entrepreneurial learning – a social context perspective: evidence from Kenya and Tanzania. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 25(4), 609-627. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-02-2017-0075
Jamil, F. et al. (2016). Business incubators in Asian developing countries. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(4S), 291-295.
Khalifa, A. (2019). Strategy: restoring the lost meaning. Journal of Strategy and Management, 13(1), 128-143. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-09-2019-0158
Kummitha, R. K. R. (2016). Social entrepreneurship: Working towards greater inclusiveness. California: Sage, Thousand Oaks.
Lanteri, A. (2015). The creation of social enterprises: Some lessons from Lebanon. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 6(1), 42-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2014.954256
Leal, A. L. C. A., Freitas, A. A. F., & Fontenele, R. E. S. (2015). Value creation in social entrepreneurship: Evidence from a comparison with the commercial entrepreneurship. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 9(1), 51-65.
Marconatto, D., Ladeira, W. J., & Wegner, D. (2019). The sustainability of solidarity economy organizations: An empirical investigation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 1122-1130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.352
Marmer, M., Herrmann, B.L., Dogrultan, E., & Berman, R. (2011). Startup genome report extra on premature scaling: A deep dive into why most high growth startups fail. Startup Genome, 1.2, 1-59.
Mehrotra, S., & Verma, S. (2015). An assessment approach for enhancing the organizational performance of social enterprises in India. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 7(1), 35-54. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-07-2014-0023
Mellat-Parast, M., & Digman, L. A. (2008). Learning: The interface of quality management and strategic alliances. International Journal of Production Economics, 114(2), 820-829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2008.04.003
Meyer, H., & Sowah, J. (2019). World rankings 19/20 report: the Ubi Global world rankings of business incubators and Accelerators. UBI GLOBAL. https://ubi-global.com/rankings/
Mintzberg, H. (1978). Patterns in strategy formation. Management Science, 24(9), 934-948. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.24.9.934
Mintzberg, H. (1990). The design school: Reconsidering the basic premises of strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 11(3), 171-195. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250110302
Mintzberg, H., Ghoshal, S., Lampel, J., & Quinn, J. B. (2003). The strategy process: concepts, contexts, cases. Pearson education.
Muñoz, P., & Kimmitt, J. (2019). Social mission as competitive advantage: A configurational analysis of the strategic conditions of social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 101, 854-861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.044
Muñoz, P., & Kimmitt, J. (2019). Social mission as competitive advantage: A configurational analysis of the strategic conditions of social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 101, 854-861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.044
Napathorn, C. (2019). Managing workers in Thai social enterprises: the role of founders. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(1), 18-48. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-01-2019-1625
Nascimento, L. da S., & Salazar, V. S. (2020). On social enterprises and social entrepreneurship: An extension. Brazilian Administration Review, 17(2), e19004. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-7692bar2020190014
Nascimento, L. da S., & Steinbruch, F. K. (2019). The interviews were transcribed”, but how? Reflections on management research. RAUSP Management Journal, 54(4), 413-429. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-05-2019-0092
Nelson, R., & Winter, S. (1982). An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Neves, M. C. R., Gonçalves, M. F., & Lima, J. E. (2015). Mundos distintos e realidades semelhantes: empregabilidade dos jovens no Nordeste e Sudeste brasileiros. Revista Brasileira de Estudos de População, 32(2), 335-356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-30982015000000019
Nicolopoulou, K., Karataş-Özkan, M., Vas, C., & Nouman, M. (2017). An incubation perspective on social innovation: the London Hub – a social incubator. R&D Management, 47(3), 368-384. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12179
Noy, C. (2008). Sampling Knowledge: The hermeneutics of snowball sampling in qualitative research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 11(4), 327-344. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645570701401305
Pandey, S., Lall, S., Pandey, S. K., & Ahlawat, S. (2017). The appeal of social accelerators: What do social entrepreneurs value? Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 8(1), 88-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2017.1299035
Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179-191. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303
Peters, L., Rice, M., & Sundararajan, M. (2004). The role of incubators in the entrepreneurial process. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 29(1), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOTT.0000011182.82350.df
Porter, M. E. (1989). Vantagem competitiva: Criando e sustentando um desempenho superior. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Porter, M. E. (1999). Competição: estratégias competitivas essenciais. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. (2011). The big idea: Creating shared value. Harvard Business Review, 89(1-2), 1-17.
Ratinho, T., & Henriques, E. (2010). The role of science parks and business incubators in converging countries: Evidence from Portugal. Technovation, 30(4), 278-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2009.09.002
Ries, E. (2011). The lean startup: How today's entrepreneurs use continuous innovation to create radically successful businesses. Currency.
Rosolen, T., Tiscoski, G. P., & Comini, G. M. (2014). Empreendedorismo social e negócios sociais: Um estudo bibliométrico da publicação nacional e internacional. Revista Interdisciplinar de Gestão Social, 3(1), 85-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/23172428rigs.v3i1.8994
Rumelt, R. P., Schendel, D., & Teece, D. J. (1991). Strategic management and economics. Strategic Management Journal, 12(S2), 5-29. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121003
Saebi, T., Foss, N. J., & Linder, S. (2019). Social entrepreneurship research: Past achievements and future promises. Journal of Management, 45(1), 70-95. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206318793196
Schumpeter, J. A. (1912). A teoria do desenvolvimento econômico. São Paulo: Ed. Abril. Col. Os Economistas [1985].
Schwartz, M., & Hornych, C. (2012). Specialisation versus diversification: perceived benefits of different business incubation models. Int. J. Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 15(3), 177-197. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEIM.2012.046599
SEBRAE-SP. (2015). Causa mortis: o sucesso e o fracasso das empresas nos primeiros 5 anos de vida. São Paulo: SEBRAE-SP. https://docplayer.com.br/30300886-Causa-mortis-o-sucesso-e-o-fracasso-das-empresas-nos-primeiros-5-anos-de-vida-jul-2014.html
Short, J. C., Moss, T.W., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2009). Research in social entrepreneurship: past contributions and future opportunities. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3(2), 161-1194. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.69
Siegner, M., Pinkse, J., & Panwar, R. (2018). Managing tensions in a social enterprise: The complex balancing act to deliver a multi-faceted but coherent social mission. Journal of Cleaner Production, 174, 1314-1324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.076
Silva, J. B., & Veloso, Y. S. (2013). Manual: Programa Multincubadora de Empresas, Centro de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico/UnB. Brasília, Brasil. https://docplayer.com.br/13322371-Multincubadora-de-empresas.html
Stevens, R., Moray, N., & Bruneel, J. (2015). The social and economic mission of social enterprises: Dimensions, measurement, validation, and relation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(5), 1051-1082. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12091
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Tracy, S. J. (2010). Qualitative quality: Eight “Big-Tent” criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 16, 837-851. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121
Villarreal, O. (2017). Is it desirable, necessary and possible to perform research using case studies? Cuadernos de Gestión, 17(1), 147-172.
Weerawardena, J., & Sullivan-mort, G. (2001). Learning, innovation, and competitive advantage in not-for-profit aged care marketing: A conceptual model and research propositions. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 9(3), 53-73. https://doi.org/10.1300/J054v09n03_04
Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050207
Wry, T., & York, J. G. (2017). An Identity-Based Approach to Social Enterprise. Academy of Management Review, 42(3), 437–460. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2013.0506
Yin, J., & H. Chen. (2019). Dual-goal management in social enterprises: evidence from China. Management Decision, 57(6), 1362-1381. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-02-2017-0170
Yin, R. K. (2015). Case study research: design and methods. 5th ed., Sage, London, UK.
Yin, R. K. (2016). Qualitative research from start to finish. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press.
Yunus, M., Moingeon, B., & Lehmann-Ortega, L. (2010). Building social business models: Lessons from the Grameen experience. Long Range Planning, 43(2-3), 308-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2009.12.005
Zahra, S. A., Gedajlovic, E., Neubaum, D. O., & Shulman, J. M. (2009). A typology of social entrepreneurs: Motives, search processes and ethical challenges. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(5), 519-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.04.007
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Os autores, no ato da submissão, aceitam a declaração abaixo:
Nós autores mantemos sobre nosso artigo publicado os direitos autorais e concedemos à revista Contextus o direito de primeira publicação, com uma licença Creative Commons na modalidade Atribuição – Não Comercial 4.0 Internacional, a qual permite o compartilhamento com reconhecimento da autoria e da publicação inicial nesta revista.
Temos ciência de estarmos autorizados a assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), também com reconhecimento tanto da autoria, quanto da publicação inicial neste periódico.
Atestamos que o artigo é original ou inédito, não foi publicado, até esta data, em nenhum periódico brasileiro ou estrangeiro, quer em português, quer em versão em outra língua, nem está encaminhado para publicação simultânea em outras revistas.
Sabemos que o plágio não é tolerado pela revista Contextus e asseguramos que o artigo apresenta as fontes de trechos de obras citadas, incluindo os de qualquer trabalho prévio produzido e publicado pelos próprios autores.
3.png)
1.jpg)
1.jpg){kind=small}
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
2.png)
1.jpg)
2.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
