ARCTIC DOCTRINE, CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES OF AMERICAN TERRITORIAL EXPANSIONISM UNDER TRUMP’S SECOND ADMINISTRATION (2025–2029)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2025.e24013

Keywords:

Geopolitics, maritime routes, natural resources, Canada, Greenland

Abstract

This article examines the economic, strategic, and geopolitical implications of American territorial expansionism in the Arctic during Donald Trump’s second administration (2025–2029), particularly focusing on discourse advocating for the incorporation of Canada and Greenland into the United States. The text explores the economic relevance of the Arctic as a source of rare minerals, oil, and gas, as well as new maritime routes emerging due to polar ice melting. Drawing on classical geopolitical theories such as the balance of power and control of territorial pivots, the study analyzes the impact of Arctic militarization, the presence of powers like China and Russia, and challenges involving Indigenous populations and local governance. The findings suggest that American initiatives in the Arctic reflect long-term interests combining national security, resource exploitation, and global power projection.

Keywords: Geopolitics; Canada; Greenland; Militarization; Maritime Routes; Natural Resources.

Author Biographies

  • Luiz Ugeda, University of Brasília, Brasilia (DF), Brazil

    PhD in Geography (University of Brasília, UnB, Brazil). Currently pursuing a PhD in Law (University of Coimbra, Faculty of Law, FDUC, Portugal). Researcher at CPTEn – Center for São Paulo Studies on Energy Transition at University of Campinas (Unicamp, Brazil). Former researcher at the Research Center on Justice and Governance (JusGov) at the Law School of the University of Minho (Portugal); at the Chaire Normandie pour la Paix at the Université Caen Normandie (France); Senior Collaborating Professor at the Graduate Program in Geography at the University of Brasília (UnB); and professor of Energy Law at Candido Mendes University (UCAM/RJ, Brazil).

  • Karine Sanches, Universidade de Coimbra

    PhD candidate in Public Law (University of Coimbra, FDUC, Portugal). Holds a Master’s degree in Economic and Social Law (Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, PUC/PR, Brazil) and a Bachelor’s degree from the same university. She has held management positions in various companies, associations, and public entities in the electricity, infrastructure, and regional development sectors. She is a co-founder of data startups for regulated sectors, including Geodireito, Geocracia, and JusMapp in Brazil and Portugal.

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Published

2025-06-21

Issue

Vol. 24 (2025)

Section

Artigos

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