Spatial analysis of hospitalization and mortality rates due to pneumonia in children under one year of age
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36517/2175-6783.20262796194Keywords:
Spatial Analysis; Child; Hospitalization; Mortality; Pneumonia.Abstract
Objective: to analyze the distribution and spatial autocorrelation of hospitalization and mortality rates due to pneumonia in children under one year of age. Methods: an ecological, population-based study with a geospatial approach, which analyzed hospitalizations and mortality due to pneumonia in children under one year of age between 2019 and 2023, using data from the Information Technology Department of the Unified Health System. Rates were calculated per 1,000 live births in the same period and location. Spatial autocorrelation was assessed using Moran’s Global and Local Indices, using Microsoft Excel®, GeoDa®, and QGIS®. Results: 15,520 hospitalization cases and 91 deaths were analyzed. Hospitalization rates ranged from zero to 318.22, with High-High clusters in the Northwest, West, Midwest, Southwest, and South-Central regions. Mortality rates ranged from zero to 4.70, with High-High clusters in the West, Northwest, South-Central, and Southwest regions. The bivariate analysis did not show a significant spatial correlation between hospitalization and mortality rates. Conclusion: the spatial autocorrelation of hospitalizations and deaths from pneumonia in children under one year of age revealed disparities between municipalities. Contributions to practice: guiding public health policies, strengthening primary care, and the surveillance and monitoring of epidemiological data.
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Data Availability Statement
The authors declare that the data used in this study are in the public domain and are available in the Live Birth Information System. The processed data and maps produced can be requested from the corresponding author.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Lara Marcondes de Oliveira, Camila Moraes Garollo Piran, Mariana Martire Mori, Luan Felipe da Silva de Moraes, Alana Vitoria Escritori Cargnin, Rafaely de Cássia Nogueira Sanches, Marcela Demitto Furtado
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
