Estratégias nutricionais para otimização da cicatrização de feridas operatórias na pessoa idosa: revisão de escopo

Pollyana Paula Almeida de Araújo; Geovanna Torres de Paiva; Raquel Bezerra Barbosa de Moura; Arthur Melo Cavalcanti; Eduardo Dalle Piagge Filho; Carmem Silvia Laureano Dalle Piagge; Cláudia Batista Mélo

doi:10.36517/2175-6783.20262795980

Autores/as

Pollyana Araujo Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2920-9915
Geovanna Torres de Paiva Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5369-645X
Raquel Bezerra Barbosa de Moura Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7490-8754
Arthur Melo Cavalcanti Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4558-0523
Eduardo Dalle Piagge Filho Universidade Federal do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-9162
Carmem Silvia Laureano Dalle Piagge Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-2943
Cláudia Batista Mélo Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5300-3510

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36517/2175-6783.20262795980

Palabras clave:

Nutrição do Idoso; Cicatrização; Suplementos Nutricionais; Ferida Cirúrgica.

Resumen

Objetivo: mapear as estratégias nutricionais empregadas no processo de cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em pessoas idosas. Métodos: revisão de escopo realizada nas bases: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, nas fontes de literatura cinzenta: Google Scholar e ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, além da plataforma Consensus IA, sem restrição de tempo ou idioma. Resultados: dos 4.882 estudos identificados, seis atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade, abordando estratégias nutricionais e cicatrização de feridas cirúrgicas em pessoas idosas. As fontes incluíram estudos primários e secundários, dissertações e teses. Foram excluídas pesquisas com uso de tecnologias não farmacológicas. As principais estratégias envolveram suplementação oral ou enteral com fórmulas hipercalóricas e hiperproteicas enriquecidas com micronutrientes essenciais e o uso de suplementação contendo imunonutrientes (arginina, ômega-3, glutamina e nucleotídeos). Conclusão: as intervenções nutricionais apresentaram potencial para reduzir complicações pós-operatórias e favorecer a cicatrização em pessoas idosas, embora a heterogeneidade metodológica dos estudos exija cautela na interpretação dos resultados. Contribuições para a prática: os achados reforçam a importância do planejamento individualizado e da elaboração de protocolos nutricionais direcionados ao público idoso.

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