Cadmium and copper adsorption on bentonite: effects of pH and particle size

Abstract

Reactions of heavy metals with clay minerals are important in determining metal fates in the environment. However, the adsorption process of these metals by the bentonite has been extensively investigated. The objectives of this work were to assess the ability of bentonite clay to adsorb cadmium and copper and to study the effects of pH and particle size upon these metals adsorption. Adsorption isotherms were obtained from batch adsorption experiments, with increasing cadmium and copper concentrations (5-200 mg L^-1). To find out the effects of pH and particle size on adsorption, the experiments were conducted at pH 4; 5 and 6 using particles sizes of < 0.5 mm and 0.5 to 2.0 mm . The difference between initial and final cadmium and copper concentrations was assumed to be the amount adsorbed by bentonite. The bentonite adsorbed more copper than cadmium, both metals adsorption increased with increasing pH for both particle sizes. No effect of particle size was observed. Experimental data were best fitted to Langmuir model.