Insecticidal action of Drimys brasiliensis Miers on black citrus aphid

Resumen

The aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal effects of a hexane fraction and polygodial compound
obtained from Drimys brasiliensis roots on the mortality of adults and nymphs of Toxoptera citricida (black citrus aphid).
For the hexane fraction, solutions of 0.12, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, and 2.0 mg mL-1 were prepared, and for the compound, solutions
of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg mL-1 were prepared. A control with water and dimethylsulfoxide (5 µg mL-1
) was also included.
Two hexane-fraction-solution application methods were evaluated: spraying directly onto the insect, and submerging a
young Citrus limonia shoots in the solution, which served as a refuge for the aphids. Nymph and adult mortality were
assessed at 24 and 48 h after solution application. The hexane fraction caused high mortality amongst the T. citricida nymphs
and adults. The lowest LC50 value (0.301 mg mL) was recorded in the nymphs when the solutions were applied directly onto
the insects. The polygodial compound that was isolated from the hexane fraction significantly increased the mortality of
adults and nymphs, with LC50 values of 293.8 and 176.77 µg mL-1, respectively. The insecticidal activity observed may have
been caused by this compound.