CONCEPT OF CARTOGRAPHY, DEFINITIONS FROM 1960 TO 2000

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2024.e23015

Abstract

From the 1940s to 2000, reflecting on the conceptual transformations in the field and their relationship with technological advancements. Initially, the UN provided the definition of Cartography, but from 1965 onwards, the ICA assumed this responsibility. Over the span of 40 years, these definitions evolved considerably. In 1992, Fraser Taylor, as the president of the ICA, introduced a significant update by incorporating the term
"geoinformation" into the definition. This modification broadened the scope of Cartography to include other forms of spatial representation. However, in the late 1990s, there was a regression when the ICA simplified the definition of Cartography, restricting it to the study of maps. This dynamic illustrates that the evolution of scientific debates does not always follow a linear trajectory, often oscillating between advancements and
regressions. Consequently, it is concluded that ongoing conceptual debates around the definition of Cartography are essential to keep pace with emerging technological and theoretical innovations in the field.

Keywords: Epistemology. International Cartographic Association. History of Cartography.

Author Biographies

  • Francisco Carlos Moreira Gomes, - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.

    PhD student in Geography at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He works mainly in the area of ​​Geosciences, with an emphasis on Geotechnologies in the following themes: environmental analysis, historical cartography, spatial analysis, development of technological educational tools, applications, etc.

  • Paulo Márcio de Leal Menezes, - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.

    PhD in Geography from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (2000). He is currently a Full Professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, where he is the coordinator of GeoCart - Cartography Laboratory, of the Geography Department. He has experience in the area of ​​Geosciences, with emphasis on Basic Cartography, Adjustment Calculation and Geodesy, working mainly in the following areas: cartography, remote sensing, geoprocessing, digital cartography, historical cartography and geographic names (toponyms). He served as Vice President of the International Cartographic Association (ICA/ACI), from 2011 to 2015 within the Association's Executive Committee. He is currently the Vice-Chair of the ICA/UGI Joint Commission on Toponymy. CNPq Researcher 2 since March 2022. Promotion to Full Professor on April 30, 2022.

  • Manoel do Couto Fernandes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.

    Full Professor of the Department of Geography at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He works in the areas of teaching, research and extension at UFRJ. He is currently the coordinator of GEOCART (Cartography Laboratory of the Geography Department of UFRJ) and a researcher 2 at CNPq. He has a postdoctoral degree from the University of Wolverhampton (UK) and a PhD from the Postgraduate Program in Geography at UFRJ. He develops research in the area of ​​Geosciences, with emphasis on Cartography, Geoecology and GIScience, advising undergraduate, master's, doctoral and postdoctoral students. In his professional and research activities, he interacts with several collaborators in co-authoring scientific papers in the areas of Geoecology, Cartography, Historical Cartography, GIScience and Geomorphology.

Downloads

Published

2024-09-16

Issue

Vol. 23 (2024)

Section

Artigos

License

Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:

\
    \
  1. Authors retain the copyright and grant MERCATOR the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
    2. \
  2. Authors are authorized to sign additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
    3. \
  3. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Free Access).
    4. \
  4. Authors are responsible for the content of the manuscript published in the journal.
    5. \