EXPLORING CLIMATIC PATTERNS AMONG BRAZILIAN CAPITALS

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2024.e23028

Abstract

This study aims to examine the patterns of climatic variables and delineate climatically homogeneous regions among Brazilian capitals using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and clustering techniques. Annual climate data from 26 state capitals and the Federal District of Brazil were analyzed, covering the period from 1958 to 2022, representing different regions of the country. The PCA results revealed that the first three principal components accounted for 91.8% of the total data variability. Four climatically homogeneous regions were identified: the East region, the Northeast region, the North region and another region that comprises the rest of the country. Cluster Analysis (CA) also confirmed the formation of four homogeneous groups among municipalities based on climatic variables. The analysis of spatial distribution showed significant variations in annual climate variables between Brazilian capitals, with maximum values observed for maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, evapotranspiration and soil moisture. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of climate variability in Brazilian capitals and provide a basis for future studies on climate dynamics and regional impacts.

Keywords: Principal Component Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Multivariate Analysis; Biplot 

Author Biographies

  • Amaury de Souza, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande (MS), Brasil

    PhD in Environmental Technologies from the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (2013). He was head of the Physics Department, coordinator of the Pantanal Study Base, Research Coordinator, Pro-Rector of Research, Vice-Rector and assumed the Rectorship when he won the terms of the rectors at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Participation as an Associate Researcher at Brown University. Associate Editor of the Journal of Mathematical Techniques and Computational Mathematics (JMTCM). Editor-in-Chief of the press of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Associate Editor of the Journal Water (ISSN 2073-4441), Journal of Energy Research and Reviews, International Journal of Environment and Climate Change. He has experience in Environmental Meteorology, Urban Meteorology, Climatology, Fire Meteorology, and Meteorology and Health.

  • Elias Silva de Medeiros, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras (MG), Brazil

    PhD in Statistics and Agricultural Experimentation from the Federal University of Lavras (2018). He is currently an adjunct professor at the Federal University of Grande Dourados. He has experience in the area of ​​Probability and Statistics, with an emphasis on Statistics.

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Published

2024-10-27

Issue

Vol. 23 (2024)

Section

Artigos

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