Avaliação do conhecimento de estudantes de enfermagem sobre transfusão sanguínea e fatores relacionados

Jessica de Souza Oliveira; Karlos Adryan Viana de Sousa; Brenda Sousa da Conceição; Alexandre Ribeiro Borges; Ana Beatriz Frota Lima Rodrigues; Maria Ivaneide Teixeira dos Santos; Francisco Mayron Morais Soares

doi:10.36517/2175-6783.20262796768

Autores

Jessica de Souza Oliveira Universidade Federal do Maranhão https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1411-874X
- Conceptualization
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
- Writing – Review & Editing
Karlos Adryan Viana de Sousa Universidade Federal do Maranhão https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8903-7724
- Writing – Review & Editing
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
Brenda Sousa da Conceição Universidade Federal do Maranhão https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7105-3681
- Writing – Review & Editing
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
- Data Curation
Alexandre Ribeiro Borges Universidade Federal do Maranhão https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9714-5330
- Conceptualization
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
- Writing – Review & Editing
Ana Beatriz Frota Lima Rodrigues Universidade Federal do Maranhão https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-9188
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
- Writing – Review & Editing
Maria Ivaneide Teixeira dos Santos Universidade Federal do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1950-3295
- Writing – Review & Editing
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
- Data Curation
Francisco Mayron Morais Soares Universidade Federal do Maranhão https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7316-2519
- Conceptualization
- Data Curation
- Formal Analysis
- Methodology
- Writing – Original Draft Preparation
- Writing – Review & Editing

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36517/2175-6783.20262796768

Palavras-chave:

Transfusão de Sangue; Reação Transfusional; Estudantes de Enfermagem; Conhecimento.

Resumo

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes de enfermagem sobre transfusão sanguínea e fatores relacionados. Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, realizado com 165 estudantes de graduação em Enfermagem. Foram incluídos estudantes ≥18 anos e excluídos aqueles com questionários incompletos. Aplicou-se instrumento estruturado com consistência interna adequada (Kuder–Richardson 20=0,84). O escore de conhecimento foi dicotomizado em adequado (≥50% de acertos) e inadequado (<50%), conforme literatura. Realizou-se análise por meio do teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson, com estimativa de odds ratio e intervalos de confiança de 95% (p<0,05). Resultados: predominou conhecimento inadequado (66,7%). Houve maior acerto em práticas protocoladas de segurança e fragilidades em etapas críticas, como identificação do paciente, monitorização clínica e manejo do acesso venoso. O conhecimento adequado associou-se à semestres mais avançados e formação técnica em enfermagem (p=0,040). Conclusão: o conhecimento dos estudantes mostrou-se predominantemente inadequado, com lacunas em etapas críticas da segurança transfusional. Fatores formativos, como progressão acadêmica e experiência prévia, influenciam positivamente esse conhecimento. Contribuições para a prática: os achados evidenciam a necessidade de reestruturação do ensino sobre transfusão sanguínea na graduação em Enfermagem, com incorporação de metodologias ativas, simulação clínica e treinamentos focados em etapas críticas do processo transfusional.

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