Resistência antimicrobiana em biofilmes formados em dispositivos invasivos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36517/2175-6783.20262796142Palabras clave:
Biopelículas, Equipos y Suministros, Infección Hospitalaria, Farmacorresistencia MicrobianaResumen
Objetivo: Evaluar el perfil microbiológico y los patrones de resistencia en biopelículas formadas en dispositivos invasivos en pacientes en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Método: Estudio de cohorte de 157 pacientes adultos en el período postoperatorio inmediato. Se recolectaron un total de 275 dispositivos invasivos en condiciones asépticas y se sometieron a cultivo microbiológico. Se utilizaron las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Se formaron biopelículas en la mayoría de los dispositivos, con el aislamiento de 200 microorganismos, Klebsiella pneumoniae (30%), Acinetobacter baumannii (25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%). Se observó una alta tasa de uso de catéter venoso central (40%; n=110), con una mayor proporción de colonización por microorganismos multirresistentes (58%; p<0,010), en contraste con los catéteres urinarios permanentes (43%; p=0,072) y los tubos orotraqueales (41%; p=0,064). Conclusión: El alto número de biopelículas y resistencia bacteriana resalta la necesidad urgente de estrategias preventivas, como la retirada temprana del dispositivo, la vigilancia microbiológica y el uso racional de antimicrobianos. Contribuciones a la práctica: Los resultados pueden respaldar el fortalecimiento de las estrategias preventivas para las infecciones asociadas a la atención médica, promoviendo así la seguridad del paciente y la calidad de la atención brindada a los pacientes críticos.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Tomás Manuel Djú, Thaís Honório Lins Bernardo, Christefany Régia Braz Costa, Mirelle dos Santos, Yhasmin Santos Silva, Anny Gabrielly Santos Silva, Teresa Biussum Iurna
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
