Formação do biofilme em ferida cutânea e seu comportamento diante das intervenções: revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20222378112Palavras-chave:
Biofilmes; Ferimentos e Lesões; Enfermagem; Estomaterapia.Resumo
Objetivo: identificar na literatura a formação do biofilme e o seu comportamento diante das intervenções em feridas cutâneas. Métodos: revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, EMBASE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library Collaboration, MEDLINE/PubMed e Science Direct, sem delimitação temporal. Foram selecionados 19 estudos. Avaliação das informações ocorreu de forma descritiva, confrontando com os achados pertinentes. Resultados: os estudos da amostra foram publicados no idioma inglês e contemplaram três tipos de pesquisa de biofilme: dois clínicos, seis in vitro e 11 in vivo (animal). Incluíram-se três temas: criação de modelo biofilme (n=4), avaliação do biofilme (n=3), comportamento do biofilme diante de intervenções para o seu manejo (n=12). Conclusão: efeitos prejudiciais do biofilme na cicatrização de feridas foram confirmados. Diversas intervenções foram capazes de reduzir e eliminar o biofilme nos modelos in vitro e in vivo. Contribuições para a prática: constatou-se que avaliação clínica da lesão não permite identificar o biofilme, inclusive quando presente encontra-se abaixo da superfície da lesão. Este achado suscita reflexão por parte dos enfermeiros a respeito das intervenções adotadas para a remoção do biofilme.
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