Of the philosophy the spirit as a philosophy of freedom while opening the religious debate in Latin America caribbean

Abstract

The philosophical formulation of Farias Brito in Brazil and Francisco Romero in Argentina, between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries touches the same themes: consciousness, freedom and existence. Both are in Latin American Caribbean where the atmosphere of the hegemonic thinking of Positivism imposes itself in opposition to a tradition coming from the Second Iberian Scholasticism, the Monarchy and the instituted Religion. Also, both influenced by a German tradition - Brito by Kant and Schopenhauer and Romero by Husserl, Scheler and Hartmann - formulate what can be called Philosophy of the Spirit as Philosophy of Freedom. If until the nineteenth century, the theme of religion was elaborated by both Hispanic and Portuguese Scholastics, with the advent of Positivism, established religion enters into its process of problematization along with the political regime. However, it will be with the presence of Germanic thought in Latin American culture that the theme will be replaced, only now in a secular environment, marked by the values of Positivism and the Republic. The hypothesis of this work is that the formulation of the Philosophy of Spirit as a Philosophy of Freedom, formulated by Farias Brito and Francisco Romero, are the bases in the Latin American Caribbean Continent for the formulation of a Philosophy of Religion in perspective, now no longer scholastic, but Germanic. The work moves within the scope of theoretical research and in dialogue with the ethnic and historical issues of the Latin American Caribbean Continent, and at the same time seeks links with the Philosophy of Liberation, Theology of Liberation and the Pedagogy of Liberation.