Internal control environment evaluation by means of maturity model in government organizations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19094/contextus.v16i2.1064Keywords:
Control environment, Maturity model, Public Administration, INCRA, MAPA, CONAB.Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate how mature the internal control environment is in governmental organizations. A maturity model was developed based on the principles of COSO (2013a), being structured into four levels of maturity: incipient, initial, developing and established. The model was assessed by judges (COY; DIXON, 2004) and tested in three governmental organizations by means of multiple-case studies. Just as indicated by results, one of the entities reached the initial maturity level, while the others reached the developing maturity level. Overall, the three organizations revealed incipience as to the maturity of the control environment, especially in spreading ethical standards and in due diligence and competency requirements for the governing body. Finally, the study points out, in a comparative way, aspects necessary to improve the internal control environment structures of each organization and can be useful to the respective managers and control bodies.
References
BARDIN, Laurence. Análise de Conteúdo. 70. Ed. São Paulo: Almedina Br, 2011.
BECKER, J.; KNACKSTEDT, R.; PÖPPELBUß, J. Developing Maturity Models for IT Management – A Procedure Model and its Application. Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE), v. 1, n. 3, p. 213-222, 2009.
BERNARDI, R. A. Fraud detection: The effect of client integrity and competence and auditor cognitive style. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, v. 13, n. 2, p. 68-84, 1994.
BILHIM, João. O mérito nos processos de seleção da alta direção da Administração Pública portuguesa: mito ou realidade?. Sequência: estudos jurídicos e políticos (UFSC), v. 33, n. 65, p. 57-78, 2012.
COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission). Internal Control – Integrated Framework: Framework and Appendices. 2013a.
COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission). Internal Control – Integrated Framework: Internal Control over External Financial Reporting: A Compendium of Approaches and Examples. 2013b.
COY, David; DIXON, Keith. The Public Accountability Index: crafting a parametric disclosure index for annual reports. The British Accounting Review, v. 36, p. 79-106, 2004.
EXNER, Konrad; ZIMPFER, Raphael; STARK, Rainer. Maturity model and action recommendation: a PSS capability self-assessment tool for companies. Procedia CIRP, v. 64, p. 175-180, 2017.
FADZIL, Faudziah Hanim; HARON, Hasnah; JANTAN, Muhamad. Internal auditing practices and internal control system. Managerial Auditing Journal, v. 20, n. 8, p. 844-866, 2005.
FILGUEIRAS, Fernando. Indo além do gerencial: a agenda da governança democrática e a mudança silenciada no Brasil. Revista de Administração Pública, v. 52, n. 1, p. 71-88, 2018.
GAO (UNITED STATES GENERAL ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE). Internal Control Management and Evaluation Tool. 2001. Disponível em: <http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-01-1008G>. Acesso em: 01 jul. 2015.
GAO (UNITED STATES GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE). Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government (The Green Book). 2014.
HAY, David. Internal Control: How It Evolved in Four English – Speaking Countries. Accounting Historians Journal, v. 20, n. 1, 1993.
IFAC (INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF ACCOUNTANTS). Study 13 – Governance in the Public Sector. 2001.
ITGI (IT GOVERNANCE INSTITUTE). COBIT 4.1: Modelo, Objetivos de Controle, Diretrizes de Gerenciamento, Modelos de Maturidade. 2007.
JENSEN, Michael C. The Modern Industrial Revolution, Exit, and The Failure of Internal Control Systems. The Journal of Finance, v. 58, July, 1993.
JOHNSTONE, Karla M.; GRAMLING, Audrey A.; RITTENBERG, Larry E. Auditing: a risk-based approach to conducting a quality audit. 9 Ed. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2012.
LOPES JÚNIOR, Elias Pereira et al. Influência da Corrupção nos Gastos das Empresas Estatais. Revista de Administração Pública, Early View, 2018.
MCNAMEE, Michael John; FLEMING, Scott. Ethics audits and corporate governance: The case of public sector sports organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, v. 73, n. 4, p. 425-437, 2007.
MARTINS, Norberto M. Ensaio sobre a “nova” travessia. 2015. Disponível em: <http://www.ie.ufrj.br/images/pesquisa/publicacoes/discussao/2015/TD_IE_021_2015_MARTINS-v. fin.pdf>. Acesso em: 01 mai. 2016.
MINAYO, M. C. de S. Construção de indicadores qualitativos para avaliação de mudanças. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, v. 33, n. 1, p. 83-91, 2009.
OLLAIK, L. G.; ZILLER, H. M. Concepções de validade em pesquisas qualitativas. Educação e Pesquisa, v. 38, n. 1, p. 229-241, 2012.
PÖPPELBUß, Jens; RÖGLINGER, Maximilian. What makes a useful maturity model? A framework of general design principles for maturity models and its demonstration in business process management. In: EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS. Anais… Helsinque, Finlândia, 2011.
PULLEN, William. A public sector HPT maturity model. Performance Improvement, v. 46, n. 4, p. 9-15, 2007.
RICHARDSON, R. J. et al. Pesquisa Social: métodos e técnicas. 3 Ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2015.
RUBINO, Michele; VITOLLA, Filippo. Internal control over financial reporting: opportunities using the COBIT framework. Managerial Auditing Journal, v. 29, n. 8, p. 736-771, 2014.
RUBINO, Michele; GARZONI; Antonello. The impact of an IT governance framework on the internal control environment. Records Management Journal, v. 27, n. 1, p. 19-41, 2017.
SPIRA, Laura F.; PAGE, Michael. Risk management: The reinvention of internal control and the changing role of internal audit. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, v. 16, n. 4, p. 640-661, 2003.
WANDERLEY, Carlos Alexandre Nascimento; FONSECA, Ana Carolina Pimentel Duarte da; DE PAULA, Helmut Alexandre. Controles Internos no Setor Público à Luz da Estrutura do COSO: O Caso de um Órgão de Compra da Marinha do Brasil. ConTexto, v. 15, n. 30, 2015.
WHITTINGTON, Ray; PANY, Kurt. Principles of auditing & other assurance services. 18 Ed. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2012.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors, while doing the submission, accept the notice below:
We authors hold the copyright related to our paper and transfer Contextus journal the right for the first publication with a Creative Commons’ international license of the modality Attribution – Non-commercial 4.0, which in turn allows the paper to be shared providing that both the authorship and the journal’s right for initial release are acknowledged.
Furthermore, we are aware of our permission to take part in additional contracts independently for non-exclusive distribution of the version of our work published in this journal (e.g. publishing it in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), while acknowledging both the authorship and the journal’s initial publication.
We also certify that the paper is original and up to this date has not been released in any other journal, Brazilian or of another nationality, either in Portuguese or another language, as well as it has not been sent for simultaneous publication in other journals.
Last, we not only know that plagiarism is not tolerated by Contextus but also certify the paper presents the sources of passages from cited works, including those authored by ourselves.